History of Andorra
A principality in the Pyrenees headed by two co-princes, the Bishop of Urgell and the president of France. 2 eras, 785 CE to today.
County of Urgell, 785 CE–1413 Draft, not yet reviewed
The County of Urgell is one of the historical Catalan counties, bordering on the counties of Pallars and Cerdanya. The county of Urgell was carved by the Franks out of a former section of the Mark of Toulouse when the Alt Urgell area became part of the Carolingian Empire between 785 and 790. From 839 onwards it would include 129 villages, the valleys of the Valira river, namely Andorra and Sant Joan Fumat, the Segre riverine area as well as the valleys located between El Pont de Bar and Oliana. The county of Urgell was extinguished and absorbed by the Crown of Aragon in 1413 as a part of the Principality of Catalonia, after the revolt of the last count, James II of Urgell, against the king Ferdinand I of Aragon.
Seat of power: La Seu d'Urgell
Rulers
- Borrell, Count of Ausona, Count of Urgel, 798 CE–820 CE
- Guifré el Pilós, Count of Urgel, 870 CE–897 CE
- Sunifred II, Count of Urgell, Count of Urgel, 897 CE–948 CE
- Borrell II, Count of Barcelona, Count of Urgel, 948 CE–992 CE
- Ermengol II, Count of Urgell, Count of Urgel, 1011–1038
- Ermengol III, Count of Urgell, Count of Urgel, 1038–1066
- Ermengol IV, Count of Urgel, 1066–1092
- Ermengol VI, Count of Urgell, Count of Urgel, 1102–1154
- Ermengol VII, Count of Urgell, Count of Urgel, 1154–1184
- Ermengol VIII, Count of Urgell, Count of Urgel, 1184–1209
- Aurembiaix, Count of Urgel, 1209–1231
- James I of Aragon, Count of Urgel, 1234–1276
- Álvaro, Count of Urgell, Count of Urgel, 1243–1268
- Ermengol X, Count of Urgell, Count of Urgel, 1268–1314
- Peter II, Count of Urgell, Count of Urgel, 1348–1408
Andorra, 1278 to today Draft, not yet reviewed
Andorra, officially the Principality of Andorra, is a landlocked country on the Iberian Peninsula, in the eastern Pyrenees in southwestern Europe, bordered by France to the north and Spain to the south. Andorra was formed as a polity by a charter in 1278, being a lordship within the Principality of Catalonia until 1715. It is currently headed by two co-princes: the Bishop of Urgell in Catalonia, Spain, and the president of France. In 1278 the first paréage, signed with the mediation of the king of Aragon, Peter III, provided that Andorra's sovereignty be shared between the count of Foix and the bishop of Urgell, in the Principality of Catalonia.
Seat of power: Andorra la Vella
Rulers
- Gaston II, Count of Foix, French co-prince of Andorra, 1315–1343
- Gaston III, Count of Foix, French co-prince of Andorra, 1343–1391
- Galcerand de Vilanova, Episcopal Co-Prince, 1388–1415
- Gaston IV of Foix, French co-prince of Andorra, 1436–1472
- Arnau Roger de Pallars, Episcopal Co-Prince, 1436–1461
- Pere Folc de Cardona, Episcopal Co-Prince, 1472–1515
- Catherine of Navarre, French co-prince of Andorra, 1483–1517
- Henri II of Navarre, French co-prince of Andorra, 1517–1555
- Henry IV of France, French co-prince of Andorra, 1572–1610
- Louis XIII of France, French co-prince of Andorra, 1610–1643
- Louis XIV of France, French co-prince of Andorra, 1643–1715
- Josep Caixal i Estradé, Episcopal Co-Prince, 1852–1879
- Ramon Iglesias i Navarri, Episcopal Co-Prince, 1942–1969
- Joan Martí i Alanis, Episcopal Co-Prince, 1971–2003
- Josep-Lluís Serrano Pentinat, Episcopal Co-Prince, 2025 to today
Text adapted from the Wikipedia articles listed as sources, CC BY-SA 4.0.