History of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Kingdom of Bosnia, 1377–1463 Draft, not yet reviewed

The Kingdom of Bosnia was a medieval kingdom that lasted for nearly a century, from 1377 to 1463, and evolved out of the Banate of Bosnia, which itself lasted from at least 1154. King Tvrtko I acquired portions of western Serbia and most of the Adriatic coast south of the Neretva River. The Ottoman Empire annexed portions of eastern Bosnia in the 1440s and 1450s. Stephen Tomašević, the last king of Bosnia, was captured by the Ottomans and killed in 1463.

Seat of power: Bobovac

Bosnia eyalet, 1580–1867 Draft, not yet reviewed

The Eyalet of Bosnia was an eyalet of the Ottoman Empire, mostly based on the territory of the present-day state of Bosnia and Herzegovina. In 1580, Ferhad Pasha Sokolović became the first governor of the Bosnia Eyalet, as beylerbey. The province reached its territorial peak in 1683, and the Great Turkish War that ended in Ottoman defeat in 1699 led to a significant decrease in the territory of the Eyalet. It was one of the first Ottoman provinces to become a vilayet after an administrative reform in 1865, and by 1867 it had been reformed into the Bosnia Vilayet.

Seat of power: Travnik

Austro-Hungarian rule in Bosnia and Herzegovina, 1878–1918 Draft, not yet reviewed

Bosnia and Herzegovina came under Austro-Hungarian administration in 1878, when the Congress of Berlin approved the occupation of the Bosnia Vilayet, which officially remained part of the Ottoman Empire. The occupation of Bosnia and Herzegovina started on 29 July 1878 and was over on 20 October. Austro-Hungarian authorities embarked on social and administrative reforms which intended to make Bosnia and Herzegovina into a model colony. In 1908, Austria-Hungary provoked the Bosnian crisis by formally annexing the occupied zone, establishing the Condominium of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Seat of power: Sarajevo

Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 1943–1992 Draft, not yet reviewed

The Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina was one of the six constituent republics forming the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Within Yugoslavia, Bosnia and Herzegovina was a unique federal unit with no dominant ethnic group. Sarajevo served as the capital city throughout its existence and remained the capital following independence. The Socialist Republic was dissolved in 1990 when it abandoned its socialist institutions and adopted liberal ones, as the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina which declared independence from Yugoslavia in 1992.

Seat of power: Sarajevo

Bosnia and Herzegovina, 1992 to today Draft, not yet reviewed

Bosnia and Herzegovina, often referred to as Bosnia-Herzegovina or simply Bosnia, is a country in Southeastern Europe. In 1992, following the breakup of Yugoslavia, the republic proclaimed independence, and this was followed by the Bosnian War, which lasted until late 1995 and ended with the signing of the Dayton Agreement. The Srebrenica massacre of more than 8,000 Bosniak men and boys in July 1995 was ruled to have been a genocide by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY).

Seat of power: Sarajevo

Rulers

• Haris Silajdžić, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 1993–2000
• Alija Izetbegović, Head of state, 1996–2000
• Živko Radišić, Head of state, 1998–2002
• Ante Jelavić, Head of state, 1998–2001
• Sulejman Tihić, Head of state, 2002–2006
• Željko Komšić, Head of state, 2006–2014
• Nebojša Radmanović, Head of state, 2006–2014
• Haris Silajdžić, Head of state, 2006–2010
• Bakir Izetbegović, Head of state, 2010–2018
• Dragan Čović, Head of state, 2014–2018
• Mladen Ivanić, Head of state, 2014–2018
• Milorad Dodik, Head of state, 2018–2022
• Šefik Džaferović, Head of state, 2018–2022
• Željka Cvijanović, Head of state, 2022 to today
• Denis Bećirović, Head of state, 2022 to today