History of Croatia

Kingdom of Croatia, 925 CE–1102 Draft, not yet reviewed

The Kingdom of Croatia was a medieval kingdom in Southern Europe comprising most of what is today Croatia. Croatia was elevated to the status of kingdom somewhere around 925. In 1102 the crown passed to the Árpád dynasty with the coronation of King Coloman of Hungary as King of Croatia and Dalmatia, uniting the two kingdoms under one crown.

Seat of power: Nin

Rulers

• Tomislav of Croatia, King of Croatia, 925 CE–928 CE
• Krešimir I of Croatia, King of Croatia, 935 CE–945 CE
• Michael Krešimir II of Croatia, King of Croatia, 945 CE–969 CE
• Miroslav of Croatia, King of Croatia, 945 CE–949 CE
• Stephen Držislav of Croatia, King of Croatia, 969 CE–997 CE
• Svetoslav of Croatia, King of Croatia, 997 CE–1000
• Krešimir III of Croatia, King of Croatia, 1000–1030
• Gojslav of Croatia, King of Croatia, 1000–1020
• Demetrius Zvonimir of Croatia, King of Croatia, 1075–1089
• Stephen II of Croatia, King of Croatia, 1089–1090

Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia, 1868–1918 Draft, not yet reviewed

The Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia was a nominally autonomous kingdom within the Austro-Hungarian Empire. It was created in 1868 by merging the kingdoms of Croatia and Slavonia following the Croatian-Hungarian Settlement of 1868. On 29 October 1918 the Croatian State Sabor proclaimed an independent kingdom which entered the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs.

Seat of power: Zagreb

Independent State of Croatia, 1941–1945 Draft, not yet reviewed

The Independent State of Croatia was a World War II-era quasi-state, a protectorate of Fascist Italy from 1941 to 1943 and a puppet state of Nazi Germany from 1941 to 1945. It was established in parts of occupied Yugoslavia on 10 April 1941, after the invasion of the country by the Axis powers. During its entire existence, the NDH was governed as a one-party state by the fascist Ustaše organization under its Poglavnik, Ante Pavelić. The regime targeted Serbs, Jews and Roma as part of a large-scale campaign of genocide, as well as anti-fascist or dissident Croats and Bosnian Muslims.

Seat of power: Zagreb

Rulers

• Ante Pavelić, Poglavnik, 1941–1945
• Prince Aimone, 4th Duke of Aosta, monarch, 1941–1943

Socialist Republic of Croatia, 1945–1990 Draft, not yet reviewed

The Socialist Republic of Croatia was a constituent republic and federated state of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. By territory and population, it was the second largest republic in Yugoslavia, after the Socialist Republic of Serbia. In 1990, the government dismantled the single-party system of government installed by the League of Communists and adopted a multi-party democracy.

Seat of power: Zagreb

Croatia, 1991 to today Draft, not yet reviewed

Croatia, officially the Republic of Croatia, is a country in Central and Southeastern Europe, on the coast of the Adriatic Sea. Croatia declared independence from Yugoslavia in 1991, successfully fighting the War of Independence until 1995. After successfully completing negotiations from 2004 to 2013, Croatia joined the European Union as its 28th member in July 2013. Modern Croatia is a representative democracy with a prime minister, president, and unicameral parliament.

Seat of power: Zagreb

Rulers

• Franjo Tuđman, Head of state, 1990–1999
• Vlatko Pavletić, President of Croatia, 1999–2000
• Stjepan Mesić, President of Croatia, 2000–2010
• Zlatko Tomčić, President of Croatia, 2000–2000
• Ivo Josipović, President of Croatia, 2010–2015
• Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović, President of Croatia, 2015–2020
• Zoran Milanović, President of Croatia, 2020 to today