Kingdom of Hungary
Hungary, 1920–1946. Draft, not yet reviewed
The interwar Kingdom of Hungary existed as a country from 1920 to 1946 under the rule of Miklós Horthy, Regent of Hungary, who officially represented the Hungarian monarchy. The Kingdom of Hungary was an Axis power during World War II, intent on regaining Hungarian-majority territory that had been lost in the Treaty of Trianon, which it mostly did in early 1941 after the First and Second Vienna Awards and after joining the German invasion of Yugoslavia. By 1944, following heavy setbacks for the Axis, Horthy's government negotiated secretly with the Allies, and also considered leaving the war. Because of this Hungary was occupied by Germany and Horthy was deposed.
Seat of power: Budapest
Rulers
Miklós Horthy
Regent of Hungary, 1920–1944
Miklós Horthy was a Hungarian admiral and statesman who was the regent of the Kingdom of Hungary during the interwar period and most of World War II, from 1 March 1920 to 15 October 1944. Throughout the interwar period, Horthy led an administration characterized by national conservatism and antisemitism. In the late 1930s, Horthy's foreign policy led him into an alliance with Nazi Germany against the Soviet Union.
Portrait of Miklós Horthy: Magyar Film Iroda, Public domain, file
Culture
- Hungary under Horthy was characterized by its conservative, nationalist, and fiercely anti-communist character; some historians have described this system as para-fascist.
- The government was based on an unstable alliance of conservatives and right-wingers.
- Foreign policy was characterized by revisionism: the total or partial revision of the 1920 Treaty of Trianon.
- More than three million ethnic Hungarians found themselves outside the country's new borders, primarily in territories transferred to the Kingdom of Romania and the newly created states of Czechoslovakia and the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (Yugoslavia).
Picture
The Treaty of Trianon was signed in the Grand Trianon at Versailles on 4 June 1920.
Image: Agence Rol, Public domain, file
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Sources
- Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946) (Wikipedia)
- Kingdom of Hungary (Wikidata)
- About the picture (Wikipedia)
Text adapted from the Wikipedia articles listed as sources, CC BY-SA 4.0.