New Spain
Mexico, 1521–1821.
After the conquest, Mexico became the Viceroyalty of New Spain. Its silver mines enriched Spain, and a new society of Indigenous, Spanish and African origins took shape.
Seat of power: Mexico City
Rulers
Antonio de Mendoza
Viceroy, 1535–1550
The first viceroy, governing on behalf of the Spanish king. He set up the colonial administration, founded the first mint in the Americas and supported the first printing press.
Portrait of Antonio de Mendoza: Unknown authorUnknown author, Public domain, file
Culture
- The Royal and Pontifical University of Mexico is founded in 1551.
- Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz writes poetry and defends women's right to learn.
- From 1565 the Manila galleons link Acapulco with Asia.
Picture
The Metropolitan Cathedral, built over 250 years on the site of the Aztec sacred precinct.
Image: Ulisesmorales, CC BY-SA 3.0, file
