Republic of China
People's Republic of China, 1912–1949. Draft, not yet reviewed
The Republic of China established its governance over mainland China on 1 January 1912 following the Xinhai Revolution, which overthrew the Manchu-led Qing dynasty and ended China's imperial history. The Beiyang government in Beijing was the internationally recognized government of the ROC from 1912 to 1928, with regional warlords occupying parts of the country after the death of Beiyang leader Yuan Shikai in 1916. In 1926, the Kuomintang (KMT) launched the Northern Expedition, which eventually reunified the country in 1928. In 1949, the KMT was defeated in the Chinese Civil War by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the ROC government retreated to Taiwan.
Seat of power: Nanjing
No rulers documented for this era yet.
Culture
- In 1919, a student protest against the government's weak response to the Treaty of Versailles led to the May Fourth movement, whose demonstrations called for widespread embrace of Western ideas such as science and democracy to revitalize a China that intellectuals felt was being held back by traditional Confucian culture.
- In the 1931 Civil Code, women were given equal inheritance rights, banned forced marriage and gave women the right to control their own money and initiate divorce.
- Radio stations began appearing in the 1920s being mainly concentrated in Shanghai.
Picture
The Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum in Nanjing was built between January 1926, shortly after Sun Yat-sen's death, and spring of 1929.
Image: xiquinhosilva, CC BY 2.0, file
Sources
Text adapted from the Wikipedia articles listed as sources, CC BY-SA 4.0.