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History of Vietnam

More than 1000 years of Hà Nội as the capital. 6 eras, 1009 to today.

Ly dynasty, 1009–1226 Draft, not yet reviewed

The Lý dynasty lasted for 216 years. The dynasty chose the Đại La Citadel as its capital, later renamed Thăng Long and then Hanoi. The emperors improved farming by building and repairing dikes and canals.

Seat of power: Hanoi

Rulers

Tran dynasty, 1226–1400 Draft, not yet reviewed

The Trần dynasty ruled Đại Việt from 1225 to 1400. The Trần dynasty defeated three Mongol invasions, most notably during the decisive Battle of Bạch Đằng River in 1288. The period was considered a golden age in Vietnamese language, arts, and culture.

Seat of power: Hanoi

Rulers

Later Lê dynasty, 1428–1789 Draft, not yet reviewed

The Lê dynasty was the longest-ruling Vietnamese dynasty, and it ruled Đại Việt from 1428 to 1789 with a break between 1527 and 1533. The dynasty officially began in 1428 with the enthronement of Lê Lợi after he drove the Ming Chinese army from Vietnam. The dynasty reached its peak during the reign of Lê Thánh Tông and declined after his death in 1497.

Seat of power: Đông Kinh

Nguyen dynasty, 1802–1945 Draft, not yet reviewed

The Nguyễn dynasty was the last Vietnamese dynasty, ruling unified Vietnam independently from 1802 until the start of the French protectorate in 1883. After 1883 the Nguyễn dynasty only nominally ruled the French protectorates of Annam as well as Tonkin. The abdication of Bảo Đại in August 1945 ended the 143-year rule of the Nguyễn dynasty.

Seat of power: Huế

Rulers

North Vietnam, 1945–1976 Draft, not yet reviewed

The Democratic Republic of Vietnam was a country in Southeast Asia from 1945 to 1976, and it became commonly known as North Vietnam after sovereignty was recognized in July 1954. Hồ Chí Minh declared independence on 2 September 1945, proclaiming the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. North Vietnam launched a successful military offensive against South Vietnam in 1975 and was formally reunified with the South the following year.

Seat of power: Hanoi

Rulers

Socialist Republic of Vietnam, 1976 to today Draft, not yet reviewed

Vietnam was reunified as the Socialist Republic of Vietnam on 2 July 1976. In 1986 the Sixth National Congress of the CPV introduced socialist-oriented market economic reforms as part of the Đổi Mới reform programme. Vietnam achieved approximately 8% annual gross domestic product (GDP) growth between 1990 and 1997.

Seat of power: Hanoi

Rulers

Text adapted from the Wikipedia articles listed as sources, CC BY-SA 4.0.